It is an aminoglycoside antibiotic and a narrow-spectrum antibiotic. It exerts potent antibacterial activity against most Gram-negative bacilli such as *Escherichia coli*, Proteus, Salmonella and *Pasteurella multocida*. *Staphylococcus aureus* and mycobacteria are also relatively sensitive to it. *Pseudomonas aeruginosa*, Gram-positive bacteria (except *Staphylococcus aureus*), rickettsiae, anaerobic bacteria, fungi and other microorganisms are usually not sensitive to kanamycin.