Milbemycin Oxime

It is a macrolide antiparasitic drug effective against both internal and external parasites, mainly used as anthelmintic for dogs. As a broad-spectrum antiparasitic agent, it has a good anthelmintic effect on internal and external parasites, especially nematodes and arthropods. The drug binds to specific high-affinity sites on target parasite cells, affecting the permeability of cell membranes to Cl⁻, which in turn increases the release of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter, in the nerve cells of nematodes and muscle cells of arthropods. It opens glutamate-gated Cl⁻ channels, enhances the permeability of nerve membranes to Cl⁻, thereby blocking the transmission of nerve signals, ultimately leading to nerve paralysis, loss of contractility of muscle cells and death of the parasite. It is used for the prevention of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs and the expulsion of ascarids, hookworms and whipworms.